Syllabus Seventh Semester Optical Communication EC7003
The concepts developed in this course will aid in quantification of several concepts in chemistry that have been introduced at the 10+2 levels in schools. Technology is being increasingly based on the electronic, atomic and molecular level modifications, Syllabus Sixth Semester Optical Communication EC7003 is given here.
Quantum theory is more than 100 years old and to understand phenomena at nanometer levels, one has to base the description of all chemical processes at molecular levels. The course will enable the student to:
- Analyse microscopic chemistry in terms of atomic and molecular orbitals and intermolecular forces.
- Rationalise bulk properties and processes using thermodynamic considerations.
- Distinguish the ranges of the electromagnetic spectrum used for exciting different molecular energy levels in various spectroscopic techniques
- Rationalise periodic properties such as ionization potential, electronegativity, oxidation states and electronegativity.
- List major chemical reactions that are used in the synthesis of molecules.
EC 7003 – Optical Communication
Optical fibers: basic optical laws and definitions, optical fiber modes and configurations, mode theory for circular waveguides, single mode fibers, graded-index fiber structure, fiber materials, photonic crystal fibers, fiber fabrication, fiber optic cables.
Power launching and coupling: source to fiber power launching, fiber to fiber joints, LED coupling to single mode fibers, fiber splicing, optical fiber connectors.
Signal degradation in optical fibers: Attenuation: units, absorption, scattering losses, bending losses, core and cladding losses. Signal distortion in fibers: overview of distortion origins, modal delay, factors contributing to delay, group delay, material dispersion, waveguide dispersion, polarization-mode dispersion. Characteristics of single mode fibers: refractive index profiles, cutoff wavelength, dispersion calculations, mode field diameter, bending loss calculation. Specialty fibers.
Optical receivers: fundamental receiver operation, digital receiver performance, eye diagrams, coherent detection: homodyne and heterodyne, burst mode receiver, analog receivers.
Digital links: point to point links, link power budget, rise time budget, power penalties.
Analog links: overview of analog links, carrier to noise ratio, multi channel transmission techniques.
Optical technologies
Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) concepts: operational principles of WDM, passive optical star coupler, isolators, circulators, active optical components: MEMS technology, variable optical attenuators, tunable optical filters, dynamic gain equalizers, polarization controller, chromatic dispersion compensators.
Optical amplifiers: basic applications and types of optical amplifiers, Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifiers (EDFA): amplification mechanism, architecture, power conversion efficiency and gain. Amplifier noise, optical SNR, system applications.
Performance Measurement and monitoring: measurement standards, basic test equipment, optical power measurements, optical fiber characterization, eye diagram tests, optical time-domain reflectometer, optical performance monitoring.
Practical List
1. Launching of light into the optical fiber and calculate the numerical aperture and V-number.
2. Observing Holograms and their study.
3. Measurement of attenuation loss in an optical fiber.
4. Diffraction using gratings.
5. Construction of Michelson interferometer.
6. Setting up a fiber optic analog link and study of PAM.
7. Setting up a fiber optic digital link and study of TDM and Manches
Books Recommended
1. Keiser: Optical Fiber Communications, TMH.
2. Senior: Optical Fiber Communication- Principles and Practices, Pearson Education.
3. Agarwal: Fiber Optic Communication Systems, Wiley India.
4. Palais: Fiber Optics Communications, Pearson Education.
5. Satish Kumar: Fundamentals of optical Communications, PHI Learning.
6. Khare: Fiber Optics and Optoelectronics, Oxford University Press.
7. Ghatak and Thyagrajan: Fiber Optics and Lasers, Macmillan India Ltd.
8. Gupta: Optoelectronic Devices and Systems, PHI Learning.
9. Sterling: Introduction to Fiber Optics, Cengage Learning.
